sharks4us (2026)

23/07/2023

Did you know the the shape, size & color of a shark's eye can tell us a lot about where it lives?
Shallow/coastal sharks tend to have small to medium sized, golden eyes with a thin vertical pupil.
This indicates that the species lives close to the surface where the shark can see a limited range of colors in order to detect potential prey!

Did you know this about shark eyes?

📸
During our CondroLab, where we learn about shark's anatomy, fisiology, taxonomy and ecology.

01/11/2022

Samantha Herron earned her degree in business and is a ocean lover and advocate.

She enjoys spending her time in the water and working on conservation efforts to protect our wildlife. She believes that businesses need to take accountability on their environmental impact and hopes to better integrate sustainable practices into business operations.

“Our planet is threatened by the choices our society has made. My goal is to raise awareness on how we can better protect our environment and be a voice for animals who do not have one.” 💙

.life.planet

.locations .gear .orcas .official .locations

20/09/2022

Meet the Australian Angelshark🦈/ Squatina australis
1st📸 BY
2nd📸 BY
🔔 Dull greyish-brown with dense white spots and small darker brown spots.
🔔 Heavily fringed nasal barbels and anterior nasal flaps.
🔔 Head flat or convex between eyes, small spiracles.
🔔 A common but little-known angelshark.

🦈⬇️🦈

▪️ MEASUREMENTS 📏
Mature 90 and 97 cm (2.95-3.18 ft)
MAX 152 cm (4.98 ft)

▪️DISTRIBUTION 🌏
Southern Australia.

▪️HABITAT 🌊🌅
Sand and mud, often in seagrass or near rocky reefs, 0-130 m (0-426.5 ft).

▪️BEHAVIOUR 👹🌌
Lies buried by day, active at night.

▪️BIOLOGY 🤯🤯🤯🤯🤯🤯🤯
🔴Lecitotrophy: Oviviparous, embryos feed solely on yolk, up to 20 pups/litter in autumn. Feeds on small fishes, and crustacea.

▪️STATUS ⚠️
Red List: Least concern, stable.
🔻REFERENCES
"Sharks of the world", Compagno (2005)
IUCN RED LIST (2015)
Fishbase (2021)

09/09/2022

ALERT 🚨

Meet Emiliano Lagunas Camacho🦈

A marine biology student at the Autonomous University of Baja California Sur, Mexico. 🇲🇽

Starting his career out of love for the sea and its creatures, he seeks to provide information for the creation of new sustainable methods, raise awareness and engage more people into our environment’s conservation aiming to establish a bond between nature and humans.

He has also participated as a volunteer in "citizens reforesting queretaro" 🌳
and in "Cariño animal", a dog shelter 🐶

06/09/2022

Meet Mármol motoro stingray /Potamotrygon motoro 🌊

📸 Peter Herzog

Marble Motoro is a Freshwater Stingray

•MEASUREMENTS 📏

They can reach 4.5 to 7 inch.

•DISTRIBUTION 🗺️

Ranging throughout much of the Río de la Plata, Amazon, Mearim and Orinoco basins in tropical and subtropical South America.

•HABITAT 🌊

Sand banks, the shallows of major rivers and slow-moving tributaries with substrates of mud or sand.

•BIOLOGY 🧐
feed on a wide range of animals such as insects, worms, molluscs, crustaceans and fish.

Its disk is roughly circular in shape, and its eyes are raised from the dorsal surface. The dorsal coloration is typically beige or brown, with numerous yellow-orange spots with dark rings.

🚩 UICN: least concern 🚩

🔻REFERENCES

Last PR "Rays of the world" et al. (2016)

31/08/2022

Meet the Graceful catshark 🦈/Proscyllium habereri
🔔Slender body, rather long tail with broad caudal fin.
🔔Small to large dark brown spots.
🔔Large eyes with nictitating eyelids.
🔔Large anterior nasal flaps nearly reaching triangular mouth, which extends past eyes..

🦈⬇️🦈

▪️ MEASUREMENTS 📏
MATURE 42-65 cm (1.37- 2.13 ft)
MAX 65 cm (2.13 ft)

▪️DISTRIBUTION 🌏
Western Pacific: Northwest Java, Vietnam, China, Taiwan, Korea, Ryuku Islands, southeast Japan.

▪️HABITAT 🌊🌅
Continental and insular shelves, 50-100 m (164.04-328.08 ft).

▪️BEHAVIOUR 👹🌌
Unknown.

▪️BIOLOGY 🤯🤯🤯🤯🤯🤯🤯
🔴Lecitotrophy: Oviparous, one egg/uterus. Feed on bony fishes, crustacea and cephalopods.

▪️STATUS ⚠️
Red List: Vulnerable, decreasing.
🔻REFERENCES
"Sharks of the world", Compagno (2005)
IUCN RED LIST (2019)
Fishbase (2021)
from Google-DM for credits!

27/08/2022

Meet the Maltese ray /Leucoraja melitensis

📸 Tahsin Ceylan

•MEASUREMENTS 📏

50cm (1.7ft) TL

•DISTRIBUTION 🗺️

Mediterranean sea; endemic of the coasts of Tunizia and Malta but also rarely found in Argelia and there's even 1 record in Italy 🇮🇹

•HABITAT 🌊

It is found in sand or mud at the bottom of bays, it is a deep-sea animal that lives between 60–600 m deep.

•BIOLOGY 🧐

Feed on crustaceans mainly amphipods. Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother. Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats. About 10-56 eggs are laid per individual annually.

🚩Critically Endangered🚩

🔻REFERENCES

Last PR "Rays of the world" et al. (2016)

16/08/2022

🚨DEEP SHARK ALERT🚨
Meet the Longnose Velvet Dogfish🦈/ Centroselachus crepidater
🔔 Slender, black to dark brown with narrow light posterior fin margins.
🔔 Very long snout.
🔔 Roughly equal dorsal fins, very small spine tips protruding.
🔔 Common and wide-ranging.

🦈⬇️🦈

▪️ MEASUREMENTS 📏
BORN 30-35 cm (0.98-1.14 ft)
Mature between 64 and 82 cm (2.09-2.69 ft)
MAX 105 cm (3.44 ft)

▪️DISTRIBUTION 🌏
East Atlantic, Indo-Pacific, not northeast Pacific.

▪️HABITAT 🌊🌅
On or near bottom, upper continental and insular slopes, (270-2080 m) [8.85-68.24 ft], mostly >500 m [16.4 ft].

▪️BEHAVIOUR 👹🌌
Unknown.

▪️BIOLOGY 🤯🤯🤯🤯🤯🤯🤯
🔴Lecitotrophy: Ovoviviparous, four to eight pups/litter, breeds year-round. Feeds on fish and cephalopods.

▪️STATUS ⚠️
Red List: Near threatened, decreasing.
🔻REFERENCES
"Sharks of the world", Compagno (2005)
IUCN RED LIST (2019)
Fishbase (2021)
📸 from Google~ DM for credits!
scubadiving

13/08/2022

Meet the Shovelnose Guitarfish - Rhinobatos productus

It belongs to the rhinobatidae family and the order of the rajiformes.

📸 Scott Michael

•MEASUREMENTS 📏

The male can reach 119 cm in total length and the female up to 170 cm.

•DISTRIBUTION 🗺️

It inhabits near the coasts in the eastern Pacific, from San Francisco, United States, in the Gulf of California and possibly to Mazatlán (Mexico).

•HABITAT 🌊
It is found in the sand or mud at the bottom of bays, seagrass beds, estuaries, and near rocky reefs. They are usually found in waters shallower than 12 meters, but have been recorded at 91 .5 m. It is nomadic and gregarious.

•IDENTIFICATION🧐
Shark-like body, head and pectoral fins continuous forming a distinctive triangular structure; snout cartilages form 2 narrow ridges that are together for anterior half of their length; juveniles with fringed flap over tip of snout; a spiracle behind each large eye, with 2 folds, the outer one being the largest.

BIOLOGY 🪸
It reaches sexual maturity around 7 years of age. It reproduces annually and the female can have between one and 16 offspring per litter.

In IUCN red list it is listed as Near Threatened

🔻REFERENCES

Last PR "Rays of the world" et al. (2016)

05/08/2022

HOW DO SHARKS MATE? 🦈
🤓

🤩 Jawesome video by

🌊 Male sharks have two organs called claspers attached to their a**l fins. When mating they will insert one of them into the females cloaca to transfer the s***m that will fertilize the eggs.

🌊 Often the male has to bite the female's back, flanks and fins in order to get into a position to mate successfully. For this reason, some female sharks have evolved to have skin that is almost twice as thick as the males' skin in these spots!

02/08/2022

Meet the Blackmouth catshark🦈/ Galeus melastomus
JAWESOME📸 BY
🔔 Striking pattern of 15-18 dark saddles, blotches and circular spots.
🔔 Distinct crest of enlarged dermal denticles along upper margin of elongated tail.
🔔 Individuals from the Ionian Sea apparently reproduces from end of February to September.
🔔 Utilized for human consumption.

🦈⬇️🦈

▪️ MEASUREMENTS 📏
Mature 34 and 45 cm (1.11-1.47 ft)
MAX 90 cm (2.95 ft)

▪️DISTRIBUTION 🌏
Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea: Faeroes and Norway, south to Senegal and Azores.

▪️HABITAT 🌊🌅
Outer continental shelves and upper slopes, mainly 200-500 m (6.56-16.4 ft) occasionally to 55 m and 1000 m (1.80-32.8 ft).

▪️BEHAVIOUR 👹🌌
Unknown.

▪️BIOLOGY 🤯🤯🤯🤯🤯🤯🤯
🔴Lecitotrophy: Oviparous, up to 13 eggs/female. Feeds on bottom invertebrates (like shrimp, cephalopods) and lanternfish😱.

▪️STATUS ⚠️
Red List: Least concern.
🔻REFERENCES
"Sharks of the world", Compagno (2005)
IUCN RED LIST (2020)
Fishbase (2021)

23/07/2022

Meet the Zanobatus schoenleinii ☆ or •Leucistic tiger ray 🐯•

📸 Pic: Andy Murch.

•MEASUREMENTS 📏
✌🏻Reaches 70 cm TL
•Males mature 30 cm TL
•female mature 37- 40 cm TL
👼🏻 born at 19 cm TL

•DISTRIBUTION 🗺️
Eastern Central Atlantic; Morocco to Angola.

•HABITAT 🌊
Demersal over sandy bottoms in shallow coastal waters of the inner continental shelf to at least 40 m depth, but mainly 10–15 m.

•IDENTIFICATION🧐
Large panray with a flat subcircular disc, snout somewhat angular and obtuse, dorsal denticles with ovoid and flattened crowns, and colour pattern on central upper disc.
Nostrils large and connected to mouth by a groove; anterior nasal lobes extending onto internasal area and only separated from each other by a short space
🔻REFERENCES

Last PR "Rays of the world" et al. (2016)

sharks4us

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