10/11/2026
Net unrealized appreciation. If you've been at an aerospace or defense company for a long time and your 401(k) holds a lot of company stock, NUA is worth understanding before you retire. It's a tax strategy that lets you move company shares out of your 401(k) and potentially pay long-term capital gains rates instead of ordinary income rates on the growth. It's not right for everyone. But for people with a large block of appreciated employer stock, skipping this conversation could mean leaving real money on the table.