15/06/2026
๐ Ragman Rolls โ Part 2: Medieval Names Do Not Behave
This is one of the biggest lessons in medieval genealogy:
Do not search only one modern surname.
In records like the Ragman Rolls, a family may appear under a land name, title, spelling variant, lordship, office, or cadet branch.
A man may not be written under the surname we expect today.
For example, a modern researcher may search only:
Murray
But in medieval records, the name may appear in older forms such as:
de Moravia
Moravia
Moray
of Moray
Murray
Murref
Murreve
That is because de Moravia means โof Moray.โ
So the clue may not be under the modern surname at all. It may be under the older land-name form.
You may also find people identified by estate or territorial connection, such as:
William de Moravia of Tullibardine
That tells us more than just a surname. It gives us a land clue, a family identifier, and a place to search next.
The same lesson applies to cadet lines and land-based names.
A Colquhoun researcher should not only search:
Colquhoun
They should also watch connected lands and spellings such as:
Luss
Ardencaple
Ardincaple
Ardencappel
Ardancaple
Ardancappell
Camstradden
Lennox
Kilpatrick
Dumbartonshire
One example from the Colquhoun / Luss / Ardencaple research cluster is:
Maurice de Ardencaple
You may also see or search for forms such as:
Mauricius de Ardencaple
Maurice of Ardencaple
Ardincaple
Ardencappel
Ardancappell
This is why medieval genealogy cannot be done by surname alone.
A younger son may be identified by the land he held.
A cadet branch may carry the name of an estate.
A witness list may preserve the family connection better than a later pedigree.
A Latin clerk may spell the name differently than we expect.
So when using the Ragman Rolls, do not treat the index like a modern phone book.
Search the surname.
Search the land.
Search the title.
Search the spelling variants.
Search the people standing around them.
These are only sample examples for teaching how the source works.
Anyone who wants the full source can download it free from Internet Archive by searching:
Ragman Rolls Bannatyne Club 1834
The ancestors left receipts.
We just have to learn how to read them.