PASI - Physical Activity and Sport Insights

PASI - Physical Activity and Sport Insights A collaborative venture of Federation Uni and Victoria University, Australia

We integrate mixed data about sport and physical act participation and facilities, and health, for evidence-based decision making for the sport and recreation sector.

The average annual cost of community sport is now estimated at $4,567 for a child.But one of the most important findings...
31/08/2026

The average annual cost of community sport is now estimated at $4,567 for a child.

But one of the most important findings from new national research is not only how much families are spending, it is where those costs sit-and how differently the financial burden is experienced.

Commissioned by the Australian Sports Commission and led by
PASI - Physical Activity and Sport Insights Director Professor Rochelle Eime, alongside Professor Hans Westerbeek, Melanie Charity and Dr Katherine Owen, the study provides the most comprehensive picture to date of the cost of participating in community sport in Australia.

Drawing on valid cost data from over 5,500 current sport participants across the country, the research findings capture far more than registration fees. It includes uniforms, equipment, coaching, facility hire, competitions, travel, accommodation and income lost by parents and caregivers because of sport commitments.

The headline findings:

📊 $4,567 - average total annual cost for a child
📊 $2,894 - average total annual cost for an adult
📊 $1,161 for children and $1,200 for adults - average entry-level costs covering registration, uniforms and equipment
📊 67% of current participants said cost limited their participation decisions, rising to 78% among children

The findings show why affordability cannot be addressed through registration fees alone.

Individual sports were more expensive on average, largely because of coaching, equipment and facility-hire costs. Yet team-sport participants were more likely to report cost as a limiting factor - 73%, compared with 59% of individual-sport participants.

Location changes the cost burden too.

Although total costs for children were similar across metropolitan and regional or remote areas, regional families paid considerably more for travel and accommodation. Families in major cities paid more for coaching and club registration.

The total may look similar. The barrier - and therefore the most useful response - can be very different.

For governments, NSOs, SSOs, associations and clubs, this raises an important question:

Are affordability initiatives addressing the costs participants are actually experiencing?

Fee relief, travel assistance, equipment access and changes to competition structures each address different parts of the problem. The right intervention will depend on the sport, the location and the participants being supported.

For sporting organisations, this research provides more than a national benchmark. It demonstrates how stronger evidence can help identify the particular costs, barriers and participation patterns shaping a sport - and inform more targeted strategies, stronger investment decisions and practical actions that help more people get involved and stay involved.

If your organisation is examining affordability, retention or participation growth, connect with Rochelle Eime to explore how PASI can help turn participation evidence into strategic action.

📖 Read the full research via the link in the comments.

Sustainable participation growth requires more than access to data.It requires knowing how to interpret it-and what to d...
27/08/2026

Sustainable participation growth requires more than access to data.

It requires knowing how to interpret it-and what to do next.

That is the purpose of PASI’s Participation Plans: standardised, evidence-based reports that combine independent research with participation data to identify priorities and provide practical recommendations for programs, planning and long-term growth.

Our evidence base includes:

→ Data from more than one million sport participants annually
→ Participation insights across 16 major sports
→ More than 10 years of ethics-approved, university-based research

One recent finding illustrates the challenge facing the sector:

Participation in organised community sport more than halves between the ages of 10-14 and 15-19, falling from 51% to 24%.

The headline figure identifies the scale of the decline. It does not, on its own, explain why young people leave or what an individual sport should do in response.

That requires deeper analysis of the sport’s participation and retention patterns, the communities it serves and the formats it delivers.

For SSOs and NSOs, a PASI Participation Plan provides:

• A consistent and replicable framework for translating data into strategy
• Analysis of retention, regional and metropolitan differences, and participation patterns across age, gender and sport
• Independent, research-led recommendations to inform planning, policy and programs

Good participation strategy is not built on assumptions. It is built by combining reliable evidence with the context needed to apply it.

Would a clearer understanding of your participation data help shape your organisation’s next stage of growth?

Contact the PASI team to learn more about our Participation Plans.

Participation growth is often approached as a programming or engagement challenge.But affordability is also one of the f...
20/08/2026

Participation growth is often approached as a programming or engagement challenge.

But affordability is also one of the factors that can influence whether people start, stay involved or step away from sport.

Cost does not operate in isolation. Participation decisions are shaped by a combination of factors, including belonging, social connection, access, facilities, program experience, competing priorities and life stage.

Recent PASI - Physical Activity and Sport Insights-affiliated research highlights that affordability can form part of that picture — and that financial pressures are not necessarily experienced equally across different groups.

At the same time, community sport clubs are managing increasing costs of their own, including facilities, insurance and staffing, alongside volunteer pressures and less predictable revenue. In many cases, this can increase reliance on participant fees to maintain sustainable operations.

The challenge, therefore, is not simply how to make sport more affordable for individuals.

It is how to create a participation system that is both accessible for communities and sustainable for the organisations delivering it.

The research suggests this may require looking beyond isolated measures such as vouchers or rebates and considering the broader role of policy, investment and system-wide support.

It also raises important questions about how support is targeted, which communities face the greatest barriers, and where lower-cost or more flexible participation opportunities may have a role to play.

Affordability is one part of a much broader participation picture — but it is an important part to understand alongside the other factors influencing who plays, who stays and who may drop out.

How is your organisation considering affordability within its broader participation strategy?

Registration numbers tell us how many people are formally connected to sport. They do not always tell us the full partic...
18/08/2026

Registration numbers tell us how many people are formally connected to sport. They do not always tell us the full participation story.

PASI research drawing on AusPlay data examined how children and adults participate across major sports in Victoria, highlighting an important distinction: sport participation occurs across a range of settings, not only through traditional club and association structures.

For children, formal club settings remain a particularly important part of the participation landscape. For adults, however, participation is more likely to extend across a broader range of settings, including informal and non-organised forms of participation.

For SSOs, NSOs, LGAs and other sector decision-makers, this matters.

If participation is understood primarily through formal registration data, a significant part of the broader participation picture may remain less visible.

Looking at where, how and in what settings people participate, alongside registration data, can provide a more complete evidence base for decisions around:

participation and program design
facility and infrastructure planning
investment priorities
retention and engagement strategies
how sport is delivered to different population groups

This does not diminish the importance of community sports clubs. Rather, it places them within a broader participation ecosystem that includes different settings, formats and ways of engaging with sport.

Understanding that wider landscape can help organisations make more informed decisions about how, where and for whom participation opportunities are created.

Does your participation strategy consider where and how people participate — not only how many are registered?

Strong sport research is built not only on quality data, but on meaningful connections with the sector.At PASI - Physica...
10/08/2026

Strong sport research is built not only on quality data, but on meaningful connections with the sector.

At PASI - Physical Activity and Sport Insights (PASI), collaboration is central to how we build a deeper understanding of sport and physical activity participation.

Led by Professor Rochelle Eime of Federation University Australia, our research brings together expertise, participation data and sector knowledge to explore the questions that matter to sporting organisations.

Our work across the sport sector, including research in partnership with the Australian Sports Commission, National and State Sporting Organisations, helps us examine participation from different perspectives - from national and state trends to individual sports and communities.

These collaborations contribute to a stronger evidence base for understanding participation and retention, the factors influencing engagement, and how experiences can differ across different communities and locations.

For organisations involved in sport, this evidence can help inform decisions around participation strategies, planning, policy and investment.

By connecting research expertise with sector knowledge, PASI aims to produce insights that are not only comprehensive, but relevant and useful to the organisations working to understand and strengthen community sport participation.

🔗 Find out more about PASI’s research and work across the sport and physical activity sector via the link in the comments.

Youth sport participation drops sharply through the teenage years - and Victorian data shows just how steep that decline...
06/08/2026

Youth sport participation drops sharply through the teenage years - and Victorian data shows just how steep that decline is.

According to the Sport Participation in Victoria 2024 Research Summary - marking the tenth year of the joint VicHealth and Sport and Recreation Victoria research project - participation in organised community sport peaks among 10–14-year-olds at 51%, before dropping significantly to 24% among those aged 15–19.

For State and National Sporting Organisations, this is more than a statistic. It is a planning imperative.

Adolescence is a particularly fragile period for sport participation, and losing young people during these years can have significant implications for their long-term engagement.

The report also highlights an important consideration: many adolescents leave competitive, club-based sport because they do not fit within its traditional structures.

Flexible and less competitive ways to play - built around fun, friends and flexibility - may help sporting organisations better respond to young people’s changing lifestyles, motivations and needs.

Retention is not only about attracting new participants. It is about creating sporting experiences that keep those already involved engaged from one season to the next.

Drawing on more than 927,000 player registrations across 13 Victorian sports, the research provides SSOs, NSOs, LGAs and clubs with an important evidence base for understanding participation patterns and developing more informed strategies.

📊 Read the full findings via the link in the comments.

Is your organisation seeing a similar decline among adolescent participants?

PASI - Physical Activity and Sport Insights works with sporting organisations to examine participation, retention and dropout patterns in greater detail - helping turn participation data into practical, evidence-informed planning.

Get in touch to explore how these insights could inform your next participation or retention strategy.

What a decade of participation data can reveal.2024 marks the 10th and final year of the VicHealth and Sport and Recreat...
30/07/2026

What a decade of participation data can reveal.

2024 marks the 10th and final year of the VicHealth and Sport and Recreation Victoria joint research project - a decade of consistent, measurement of community sport in Victoria.

The final report captured over 927,000 player registrations across 13 sports, representing 13.6% of the Victorian population in organised sport.

A single year of data shows you what participation looks like right now. A decade of it shows you why - which shifts are genuine, sustained trends, and which are just noise. That's the difference between strategy built on evidence and strategy built on guesswork.

Fittingly, the report's own recommendations call for participation to continue being measured longitudinally, across demographics and sports - because the value of this research doesn't stop when one project does.

This is the gap PASI exists to fill. Longitudinal participation research gives Governments, SSOs, NSOs and funding bodies a stronger foundation for planning, investment and evaluation - not just a reaction to the latest snapshot.

Ten years of data has shown what's possible. The sector's challenge now is making sure the measurement doesn't stop here.

Curious what a decade-plus of continuous data could reveal for your sport or region? Let's talk.

Participation numbers tell you who showed up. They don't always tell you why it matters.Behind every registration is a s...
28/07/2026

Participation numbers tell you who showed up. They don't always tell you why it matters.

Behind every registration is a story of mental health, social connection and wellbeing.

Our research looks at how sport and physical activity participation shapes those outcomes, from reducing loneliness to supporting psychological health across different life stages.

At PASI our work goes well beyond counting registrations. Backed by peer-reviewed research published across leading academic journals, we also explore the social and health outcomes linked to participation, and the reasons for retention, fall out and return to sport, giving funders, boards and government agencies a clearer picture of what their investment is actually contributing to communities.

For organisations building a case for support, participation counts remain a useful starting point.

Understanding the social and health impact adds the next layer, showing what that participation means for the people involved.

PASI helps organisations move from counting participants to understanding the difference participation makes, giving decision-makers evidence they can use with confidence to continue developing their sport, facilities and programs.

Connect with us today to talk more about how we can help you look beyond the numbers, to the outcomes that matter.

Increasing participation is only part of the challenge. Retention matters too.The Sport Participation in Victoria 2024 r...
20/07/2026

Increasing participation is only part of the challenge. Retention matters too.

The Sport Participation in Victoria 2024 research - led by Professor Rochelle Eime, founder of PASI, together with Melanie Charity of Federation University - draws on over 927,000 player registrations across 13 sports, representing an organised sport participation rate of 13.6% of the Victorian population.

That scale of longitudinal data gives the sector something rare: an evidence-based view of how participation is really shifting, not just anecdotally, but at population level.

One pattern stands out. Participation among women and girls has grown in some traditionally male-dominated sports in recent years - a genuine step forward.

But growth in numbers is not the same as sustained engagement. Once participating, women and girls are retained at significantly lower rates than men and boys.

This is where the real planning question sits. It's not only ""how do we get more women and girls into sport"" - it's what the research tells us about experience, access, belonging, competition structures, and pathways, and where along that journey participation begins to decline.

This is the value PASI - Physical Activity and Sport Insights brings to the sector: translating large-scale participation data into evidence that governing bodies, funders and program designers can act on - for planning, investment, retention and equity, not just reporting.

If your organisation is looking to understand what's driving participation and retention trends for women and girls in your sport or region, get in touch - we'd welcome the conversation.

Our latest research with VicHealth and Sport and Recreation Victoria, drawing on 927,161 player registrations across 13 ...
15/07/2026

Our latest research with VicHealth and Sport and Recreation Victoria, drawing on 927,161 player registrations across 13 sports, shows an overall organised sport participation rate of 13.6% across Victoria.

But a single statewide figure only takes you so far. The data shows considerable variation in participation - both across regions and between neighbouring LGAs, including within the same region type.

Two councils with a similar classification can present very different participation profiles once you look closer.

For councils, funding bodies and facility planners, this is the insight that matters most.

A statewide average can't show where investment is most needed, where communities may be missing out, or where infrastructure access is shaping who gets to participate.

Participation data becomes genuinely useful only when it's understood in context - by location, demographics, infrastructure, sport type and community profile.

This is where PASI's role goes beyond the numbers: helping the sector interpret what local variation means for future planning, investment, retention and equity.

Read the full Sport Participation in Victoria 2024 Research Summary and chat to our team about how we can help - link in comments.

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