02/25/2022
There are novels, songs, short films and plays about Marie-Josèphe Angélique, because her story is so compelling, and yet most Canadians have not heard her name. She was born into slavery in Portugal in around 1705, and ultimately ended up in the enslavement of The Franchevilles, a family in Montreal
Marie Josèphe was about 20 when she got to Montreal, and she had a reputation for being belligerent, for making things difficult for her “masters” and for constantly complaining about hating being a slave, hating Canada, and wanting to return to Portugal. Her intention to run and find freedom was well known. She uttered threats against the mistress of the house she worked at and didn’t make a secret of hating her.
With this and prior attempts to escape, it was natural to accuse her of the fire that started next door to her Mistress’ home and burnt down much of Old Montreal. Marie-Josèphe was almost certainly innocent of starting the fire, but her previous behaviour, and rumours accusing her, were inescapable. She maintained her innocence through the trial until her torture began, at which point she confessed.
Throughout her whole life, she resisted every attempt to break her, to take away her humanity. During the fire that burnt down Montreal, that she was accused of, and executed for starting, Marie-Josèphe was busy helping rescue children and other neighbours from burning buildings. Marie-Josèphe’s story reminds us of two things: first, slavery happened in Canada – this is indisputable; second, enslaved Black People did not just accept their fate and work quietly wherever they were placed. They resisted. Despite the atrocious treatment they were subject to, they maintained their own lives and personalities, they had dreams and goals and love and community. They should be remembered as the cornerstones of many of the communities that exist today in Canada.
image: (Copyright info to use for image) © Kit Lang https://kit-lang.see.me