SōAP 純淨/ So Amazing So Pure

SōAP 純淨/ So Amazing So Pure 在這大環境變化的時代,我們秉持永續循環發展的理念,研發對環境友善且顧及人類健康的產品。SōAP從清潔用品做起,天然配方搭配簡約風格,是愛自己也是愛家人的好選擇!

【永續列車🚆Erasmus+ programme - Youth Workers Mobility】在歐洲學習多虧有 Erasmus+計畫,提供各國間專業課程訓練交流的機會,基本上交通、食住皆由歐盟負擔,因此參與計畫的青年十分踴躍,同時也能...
15/05/2022

【永續列車🚆Erasmus+ programme - Youth Workers Mobility】

在歐洲學習多虧有 Erasmus+計畫,提供各國間專業課程訓練交流的機會,基本上交通、食住皆由歐盟負擔,因此參與計畫的青年十分踴躍,同時也能提升不少軟實力,對於希望提升團隊合作溝通與英文表達能力的,更是機不可失 (https://reurl.cc/b22ma3)!

前幾週感謝 Positive YOUth NGO. Erasmus+ Sweden 提供名額,讓我有機會參加在匈牙利南部城市Szeged舉辦的「職業訓練課程」,課程以介紹現今歐洲勞工就業情形與各項職業薪資比例做為開端,並請業師進行專業輔導,有趣的是,老師們並非是幫你解決問題,而是協助你自己找出答案;此外,令我印象深刻的是教你如何撰寫計劃書,當有一天靈機一動有想法時,可以透過申請Erasmus+經費,完成心中的夢想。

活動結束後,內心十分澎湃,也許這就是一群人徹夜不眠天馬行空想像著某個計劃實施的結果,總是能夠在平凡的生活中擦出一點火花,雖然知識不一定能立即派上用場,但總有一天的那顆埋在心裡的種子會在適當時機發芽長大的。

The Erasmus+ program for studying in Europe provides opportunities for professional training and cross-national exchanges. The European Union essentially covers transportation, food, and lodging. As a result, the program's young participants are very active. Furthermore, I have to say training courses can improve a lot of soft power. It's a chance for me to hone my teamwork, communication, and English expression skills (https://reurl.cc/b22ma3)!

A few weeks ago, thank Positive YOUth NGO. Erasmus+ Sweden , for providing a spot, which allowed me to attend the "Youth Workers Mobility" in Szeged, a city in southern Hungary. The course begins with an introduction to the current employment situation of European workers, as well as the wage ratios of various occupations, and then invites professional teachers to carry out practical exercises. In professional tutoring, the interesting thing is that the teachers don't help you solve problems, but rather help you find your own answers; additionally, what impressed me was how to write a plan. When you have an idea, you can make it a reality by applying for Erasmus+ funding.

My heart is racing as a result of the event. Perhaps this is the result of a group of people staying up all night imagining the ex*****on of a specific plan. They can always add a spark to everyday life. Although knowledge is not immediately useful, the seed buried in the heart will sprout and grow at the appropriate time.

【永續列車🚆西班牙朝聖之路Camino de Santiago】「還記得當年,我們一群人15天走了200公里左右」每次提到朝聖之路,Javi總是說的津津有味朝聖之路有多個起點,葡萄牙、南法、西班牙都是其中之一,但不管從何處開始走,終點就是位...
01/05/2022

【永續列車🚆西班牙朝聖之路Camino de Santiago】

「還記得當年,我們一群人15天走了200公里左右」每次提到朝聖之路,Javi總是說的津津有味

朝聖之路有多個起點,葡萄牙、南法、西班牙都是其中之一,但不管從何處開始走,終點就是位於西班牙西北方的Santiago主教座堂,凡是走超過100km、騎自行車超過200km或是騎馬走完整個行程,並沿路在朝聖護照(credential)集章證明(https://reurl.cc/Wr3ybk),最後就能到教堂裡換取證書 呢 (https://reurl.cc/Wr3yO5)!

「雖然腳走到起水泡、小腿非常痠痛,但一群人一起走,好像就不累了」
「那你們每天晚上睡哪裡呢?」我問
「沿路有許多庇護所,專為朝聖者設立的,教堂、青年旅舍、甚至飯店都有,只要拿著朝聖護照就能入住,當然要自己負擔住宿費」Javi 回覆

看著身邊許多朋友陸續挑戰成功,還真想來試一試呢? 有沒有人也想的呢?
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"I remember walking about 200 kilometers in 15 days with a group of us that year." When Javi mentioned the pilgrimage route, he always said it with delight.

The pilgrimage route has many starting points, including Portugal, South France, and Spain, but no matter where you start, the endpoint is the Santiago Cathedral in northwest Spain. Anyone who walks more than 100 kilometers, cycles more than 200 kilometers, or rides the entire itinerary and gets stamped in the credential along the way (https://reurl.cc/Wr3ybk), and then goes to the church to exchange for the certificate (https://reurl.cc/Wr3yO5)!

"Even though my feet have blisters and my calves are very sore, walking with a group of people does not seem to tire me out."
"So, where do you sleep at night?" I inquired.
"Along the way, there are numerous pilgrim shelters, churches, youth hostels, and even hotels. You can stay as long as you have a credential. Of course, you must pay for your own accommodations." Javi responded.

Seeing as how many of my friends have successfully challenged one another, I'm eager to give it a shot. Is anyone else of the same opinion?

【永續列車🚆人與生物圈計畫 Man and Biosphere Programme】先前聽說Viktoria和夥伴在執行聯合國科教文組織的「人與生物圈計畫」(https://reurl.cc/zZzQ1Q),便非常好奇為什麼要特別提「人」及...
24/04/2022

【永續列車🚆人與生物圈計畫 Man and Biosphere Programme】

先前聽說Viktoria和夥伴在執行聯合國科教文組織的「人與生物圈計畫」(https://reurl.cc/zZzQ1Q),便非常好奇為什麼要特別提「人」及「生物圈」,與單純的環境保護計畫有何區別呢?

「該計畫旨在『合理的』利用與保護生物圈資源,以改善人類與環境之間的互動關係,」Viktoria說道,「認識和評估人類活動造成的生物圈變化非常重要。」

比如說,由於森林植物能夠吸收大氣中的二氧化碳,並將其固定在植被或土壤中,進而降低該氣體在大氣中的濃度,因此認為森林是碳中和,甚至是負碳的場域,但近年來陸續有多項研究推翻此論點,發現當植物停止成長時,固碳能力也會減緩,不再是碳匯 (Carbon Sink),反而是將其砍伐後,這根木材相當於是根碳棒,將碳留在木頭中 (https://reurl.cc/VDX21Q)。

「以自然科學與社會科學為基礎,提高人類有效管理自然資源的能力,共同增進人類與環境的福祉,便是此計畫的目標」Viktoria 補充。
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When I learned that Viktoria and her colleagues were implementing UNESCO's "Man and the Biosphere Project" (https://reurl.cc/zZzQ1Q), I was intrigued as to why "man" and "biosphere" were specifically mentioned, rather than simply "biosphere." What is the distinction between various environmental protection programs?

"The project aims to ‘reasonably’ use and conserve biosphere resources in order to improve human-environment interaction," Viktoria explained. "It is critical to comprehend and assess changes in the biosphere caused by human activities."

For example, forests are thought to be carbon neutral or even negative carbon fields because forest plants can absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and fix it in vegetation or soil, lowering the concentration of the gas in the atmosphere. A number of studies in recent years have refuted this claim, discovering that when a plant stops growing, its ability to sequester carbon also slows. It no longer serves as a carbon sink. Instead, after being cut, the wood is equivalent to a carbon rod, allowing carbon to remain in the wood (https://reurl.cc/VDX21Q).

"Based on natural and social science research, the goal of this project is to improve humans' ability to effectively manage natural resources and to jointly improve the well-being of humans and the environment," Viktoria clarified.

趁著復活節,家家戶戶在彩蛋的日子, SōAP 純淨/ So Amazing So Pure 概念店悄悄的在瑞典維斯比老城開張啦歡迎各位經過時,進來喝喝茶聊聊天,享受不快 不慢 不間斷的慢活模式地點: Hästgatan 5, Visby, ...
17/04/2022

趁著復活節,家家戶戶在彩蛋的日子, SōAP 純淨/ So Amazing So Pure 概念店悄悄的在瑞典維斯比老城開張啦

歡迎各位經過時,進來喝喝茶聊聊天,享受不快 不慢 不間斷的慢活模式

地點: Hästgatan 5, Visby, Sweden
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SōAP Impact Store Will Be Satisfying the Visby Old town, to bring the most natural & healthy cleaning supplies to the locals and surrounding areas. Welcome to visit and can’t wait to chat with you.

Address: Hästgatan 5, Visby, Sweden

【永續列車🚆碳權 Carbon credit】先前在eco-village認識的Hedda,如今要離開了。趁著離別前約了飯局,從日常生活聊到未來夢想,住在荷蘭的Hedda家裡有個農場,時常盼望著能夠經營一個永續循環再生的農場,當個快樂的農夫...
10/04/2022

【永續列車🚆碳權 Carbon credit】

先前在eco-village認識的Hedda,如今要離開了。

趁著離別前約了飯局,從日常生活聊到未來夢想,住在荷蘭的Hedda家裡有個農場,時常盼望著能夠經營一個永續循環再生的農場,當個快樂的農夫,但要完全遠離電腦螢幕工作,全心投入,卻不是一件容易的事。

這讓我聯想到前幾天聽的新聞廣播,提到農業除了透過農產品的販售,近年來碳權交易市場也替農民帶來額外的收益,以台灣農業為例,經過盤點後發現,若加入碳權的買賣,估計每年可高達75億的產值 (https://reurl.cc/e6q7jx)。

關於碳權交易市場,簡單來說就是當一個企業組織希望達到碳中和的目標時,除了透過自我減量,也能藉由碳補償機制,向負碳排產業(如: 造林業、農業、碳捕捉技術產業等)購買碳權,因此,如今越來越多企業資金投入植樹造林等負碳產業中,儼然已成為一種在經濟發展與環境保護中取得平衡的商業模式 (https://reurl.cc/VjKlr5)。
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This is Hedda, a sweet girl we met in the eco-village and will say goodbye to soon.

Before leaving, we took use of the brunch meeting and talked about everything from daily life to future goals. Hedda resides in the Netherlands where her family owns a farm. She dreams of being a successful regenerative farmer and contributing to a more sustainable farming system. It is, however, not a simple task.

This reminds me of a recent news broadcast in which it was said that, in addition to the sale of agricultural products, the carbon credit trading market has provided farmers with additional benefits in recent years. Take the agriculture industry in Taiwan, for example. The annual production value of engaging the carbon trading market is anticipated to be as high as 7.5 billion dollars (https://reurl.cc/e6q7jx).

In terms of the carbon rights trading market, generally speaking, if a company intends to achieve carbon neutrality, in addition to self-reduction, it can utilize the carbon offset mechanism by purchasing carbon credits from carbon-negative industries (such as forestry, agriculture, and low-carbon technology). As a result, an increasing number of businesses are investing in carbon-negative industries like afforestation, which has evolved into a business model that strikes a balance between economic growth and environmental conservation (https://reurl.cc/VjKlr5).

【永續列車🚆永續消費之路 Green Consumption】前幾週參加永續消費之路腦力激盪大賽,思考如何將綠色理念貫穿研發、供應鏈到對外溝通,透過系統性的打造永續理念,提供商品持久的良好體驗。「你知道洗髮精的生命週期,從生產、製造,到消費...
03/04/2022

【永續列車🚆永續消費之路 Green Consumption】

前幾週參加永續消費之路腦力激盪大賽,思考如何將綠色理念貫穿研發、供應鏈到對外溝通,透過系統性的打造永續理念,提供商品持久的良好體驗。

「你知道洗髮精的生命週期,從生產、製造,到消費者使用,哪一階段排碳量最大嗎?」Zainy問我
「感覺都不少」我說
「其實是消費者『使用』階段,包含將水加熱的能源使用量以及洗頭的用水量,佔了洗髮精整個生命週期9成的碳排 (https://reurl.cc/jkN7Rm)」Zainy回答。

在尋找永續經營方案時,除了著重於產品生產製造,思考如何減少碳排與資源循環使用,也有越來越多規範將終端消費使用的耗水量、用電量列入企業碳排的計算,如此一來,如何透過綠色營銷,潛移默化影響消費者的觀念與行為,成了大家腦力激盪的題目。

Last week, we participated in the Brainstorming Competition to think about the Road to Sustainable Consumption. We spent three days coming up with a solution to applying the green concept throughout R&D, supply chain, and consumers. The most important process is to provide consumers with abiding good experiences through systematically establishing sustainable concepts.

“Do you know the life cycle of shampoo, from production, manufacturing, to consumer use, which stage emits the most carbon?” Zainy asked.
“It is quite difficult to decide,” I replied.
"Actually, it is the consumer's "use" stage, including the energy consumption of heating water and the water consumption of shampooing, which accounts for 90% of the carbon emissions of the entire life cycle of shampoo (https://reurl.cc/jkN7Rm)" answered by Zainy.

When looking for sustainable strategies, in addition to the product itself, thinking about how to reduce carbon emissions and recycle resources, there are more and more regulations that include water and electricity consumption for end-use consumption in the calculation of carbon emissions. As a result, how to subtly influence consumers' perceptions and behaviors through green promotion and marketing has become a topic of brainstorming.

【永續列車🚆瑞典社會福利機制Swedish social welfare services】瑞典著名的社會福利機制,除了保障人民醫療與教育的權益,同時也讓老人與小孩擁有長期照護的福利,希望透過資源平均分配的方式,達到社會共同富裕、人人平等且...
27/03/2022

【永續列車🚆瑞典社會福利機制Swedish social welfare services】

瑞典著名的社會福利機制,除了保障人民醫療與教育的權益,同時也讓老人與小孩擁有長期照護的福利,希望透過資源平均分配的方式,達到社會共同富裕、人人平等且獨立的生活環境,不受權力結構所壓迫 (https://reurl.cc/e6KnaK)。

「感謝瑞典的社會福利系統,讓我很安心,不需要擔心未來的生活」Carina說。

是阿,還記得曾經有位瑞典朋友跟我分享,他們除了上大學不需要學費外,每個還有約台幣一萬元 (3000瑞典克朗) 的生活津貼,但天下沒有白吃的午餐,平時要繳的稅也不少,個人稅務會依照年收入而不同,大約落在30%左右 (https://reurl.cc/Epdmkv)。

「若有機會讓您選擇,會希望能夠自己規劃未來的生活嗎? 比如說: 買自己想要的保險、選擇自己喜歡的退休福利等」我問。
「對我而言,繳稅是一種責任與義務,其實我發自內心感謝政府有能力持續運作此套系統,讓需要幫助的人真的能夠得到資助」Carina回答。

「如此說來,這套系統反而讓瑞典人的生活有更多的選擇呢! 目前有覺得社會福利系統哪方面是需要改善的嗎? 是否會覺得如此一來會有一群不想工作的人,成天等著社會供養著?」
「其實每當看見有人受苦,我心裡也不好受,與其獨自擁有財富,更希望能夠與真誠友善的人們共同生活,以及有限度的使用資源,期待未來是個共榮的社會,並非由少數人獨享,」Carina真誠地說道,「不過,社會福利機制難免會受政治因素而有分配不當的問題,我想可以透過投票,選出適合的領導者,帶領民主的社會,邁向更好的未來。」

不僅是Carina希望邁向美好的社會,前幾週看見新聞報導提到瑞典接納上萬名烏克蘭人時,不僅是政府,民眾也積極提供家裡空間讓他們居留(https://reurl.cc/OpWQb7),真是莫名的感動。
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Swedish high-quality welfare services in the form of healthcare, education, long-term care services for the elderly and childcare, etc., contribute to more equitable distribution of prosperity and individual independence of unequal power relationships (https://reurl.cc/e6KnaK).

"I appreciate many things in Sweden´s welfare system which is in various ways contributing to a society where people have access to education, work, and health,” Carina said.

I could feel that since one of my Swedish friends mentioned they are not only free to stud in university but could get a living allowance of about NT$10,000 (SEK 3,000). However, there is no free lunch in the world. Local residents are required to pay relatively high taxes. Personal tax will vary according to the annual income, about 30% on average (https://reurl.cc/Epdmkv).

“If there is an opportunity, have you thought about planning future life by yourself? For example: buy the insurance you want, choose the retirement benefits you like, etc.” I asked.
“The welfare system is built on responsibilities, obligations, and benefits. I am pleased we have a working welfare system and I like the fact that it tries to help people in poor situations. In many ways it is good and in some ways, there could be more to wish.,” Carina replied.

“Following your words, this system has instead given Swedes more choices in their lives! Do you currently think that any parts of the social welfare system should be improved? Do you think that there will be a group of people who do not want to work and just wait to be supported by society?” curiously asking by me.
“If the fact that I pay taxes will help people who suffer to have a healthier and more safe life I will happily pay tax. I am not interested in being wealthy. I am interested in living a healthy life, being surrounded by genuine and good people and I am interested in living a life not exceeding the resources the planet provide us with. I would wish all people on earth could live a good life in harmony with nature. I would wish that not only a few individuals afford a prosperous living.” Carina answered genuinely. “The difficulties with tax system could for example be that the distribution of welfare can be done differently. It is a question about details in the political system which is hard to reach in detail. What I believe I can do to affect that is a vote for the right party to win the election, something we are fortunate to do in a democratic country."

It’s not just Carina who wants to move towards a better society. When I saw news reports a few weeks ago that Sweden was taking in tens of thousands of Ukrainians, not only the government, but the citizens also actively provided home space for them to stay (https://reurl.cc/OpWQb7 ), which is inexplicably touching.

【永續列車🚆無罪惡感的旅遊Traveling without guilt】「每次搭飛機讓我十分的罪惡,但又克制不住出去旅行的慾望」Ania提到。航空業在這世界上占了約3%的碳排 (https://reurl.cc/OpNGz3),以國際航班...
20/03/2022

【永續列車🚆無罪惡感的旅遊Traveling without guilt】

「每次搭飛機讓我十分的罪惡,但又克制不住出去旅行的慾望」Ania提到。

航空業在這世界上占了約3%的碳排 (https://reurl.cc/OpNGz3),以國際航班普遍使用波因737-400的機型為例,164個座位中通常僅有65%人數搭乘的情況下,每位乘客每公里將使用36.6克的燃料,大約會排出115克的二氧化碳 (https://reurl.cc/Zrk9EA)。

為了降低碳排,波因公司已承諾在2030年將全面使用來自再生能源的永續航空燃料(Sustainable Aviation Fuel, SAF),此外,碳捕捉技術、氫氣能源與航空電力化等技術也逐步在發展中 (https://reurl.cc/OpNGz3)。

「好在歐洲各國間的海上及陸上運輸,算是方便,也是一種選擇。」Ania說。
「是啊,而且歐洲徒步與自行車區的規劃甚好,也很適合騎單車環整個歐洲大陸呢。」我說。
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“I was guilty when taking a flight; however, I cannot resist my desire to travel,” Ania mentioned.

The aviation industry accounts for about 3% of the world's carbon emissions (https://reurl.cc/OpNGz3). Taking the Boeing 737-400 jet as an example, which consists of an average 164 seat capacity and usually only 65% occupancy, each passenger uses 36.6 grams of fuel per kilometer and emits approximately 115 grams of carbon dioxide (https://reurl.cc/Zrk9EA).

In addition, to reduce carbon emissions, Boeing has promised to fully use sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) from renewable energy by 2030. Furthermore, the technology of carbon capture, hydrogen energy, and aviation electrification is also gradually developing (https://reurl.cc/OpNGz3).

“Fortunately, sea and land transportation among European countries is convenient and provides an alternative,” Ania said.
“Definitely, the European walking and cycling area are also well planned, so it is suitable to travel around the entire European by bike,” I added.

【永續列車🚆木質素電池Lignin battery】「嗨Alex, 你有看到將木質素作為電池電極的新聞嗎? 覺得頗有意思的。」我問「有阿,而且實驗室就在瑞典北雪坪呢 (https://lignaenergy.se/)」Alex說提到木質素,...
13/03/2022

【永續列車🚆木質素電池Lignin battery】

「嗨Alex, 你有看到將木質素作為電池電極的新聞嗎? 覺得頗有意思的。」我問
「有阿,而且實驗室就在瑞典北雪坪呢 (https://lignaenergy.se/)」Alex說

提到木質素,不禁讓人聯想到是植物細胞壁的成分之一,確實,其與纖維素及半纖維素共同支撐整棵樹木的重量;然而,在造紙業裡,由於木質素易讓紙張脆化,因此,通常會從木材中萃取而出,但一棵樹含有25%的木質素 (https://reurl.cc/Np8bE6),若將它丟棄實為可惜。

因此,位於瑞典南部的林雪坪大學,首先將這些木質素分解為苯二酚,作為電池的燃料,去年更是成功將其開發為電極棒的材料,不僅成本低,同時也突破非金屬電解棒的儲電效率(https://reurl.cc/Opa5e7)。

「持續研發像木質素的生質燃料電池,除了價格低,也能降低對鋰礦等金屬的依賴。」
「是阿,不然人類對於鋰礦的爭奪戰,可是越演越烈呢 (https://reurl.cc/12L83G)。」

“Hey Alex, have you seen the news talking about Lignin battery? It’s interesting.” I asked.
“Yes, actually the laboratory is just in Norrköping (https://lignaenergy.se/)"

Lignin, a component of plant cell walls, supports the entire tree with cellulose and hemicellulose. However, from wood to paper, since lignin could make paper brittle, it is extracted from wood. But a tree usually contains 25% lignin (https://reurl.cc/Np8bE6), it is wasteful to throw away.

Therefore, Linkoping University in southern Sweden first decomposed lignin into benzenediols, which was used as fuel for batteries. Last year, lignin was successfully developed as a material for an electrode, which is a cheap by-product from the manufacture of paper (https://reurl.cc/Opa5e7).

“Continuing to develop bio-fuel like lignin can also reduce the dependence on metals such as lithium ore.”
“Definitely, the human race for lithium mines will become more and more fierce otherwise (https://reurl.cc/12L83G).”

【永續列車🚆吸望】寂靜的夜晚仰望著星空期待太陽風能夠活躍一點期待地球磁層能夠聰明點彼此相吸相愛在磁暴的一瞬間著實帶給人類無數的希望與驚喜
06/03/2022

【永續列車🚆吸望】

寂靜的夜晚
仰望著星空
期待太陽風能夠活躍一點
期待地球磁層能夠聰明點
彼此相吸相愛
在磁暴的一瞬間
著實帶給人類無數的希望與驚喜

【永續列車🚆Peace first】自從戰火爆發時,不只來自烏克蘭的同學陷於恐懼中,來自與該國僅一線之隔的波蘭同學也十分擔心家人的安危。作為同學,也只能在旁邊陪伴他們,一起走上街頭Stand with Ukraine. 走著走著,一位瑞典同...
27/02/2022

【永續列車🚆Peace first】

自從戰火爆發時,不只來自烏克蘭的同學陷於恐懼中,來自與該國僅一線之隔的波蘭同學也十分擔心家人的安危。

作為同學,也只能在旁邊陪伴他們,一起走上街頭Stand with Ukraine.

走著走著,一位瑞典同學居然開始說起十年前年因為敘利亞內戰,瑞典政府收容庇護者的數量逐年上升,並於2015年達到高峰,光是該年就有超過16萬人申請庇護 (https://reurl.cc/NpDkqm),後來真的超過政府可以負擔的能力,於11月下達臨時邊境控管的命令,停止他國人民的移入(https://reurl.cc/WkW5v7)。

「還記得當時庇護者多到沒地方去,直接睡在街上」來自瑞典南部城市馬爾默的朋友說
「有天晚上我被槍聲嚇醒,不知是第幾次了,那陣子治安很糟」在瑞典第二大城哥德堡長大的同學說

其實,自從第二次世界大戰出現最大規模的難民潮後,歐盟委員會已提出庇護規範,瑞典也陸續接收難民,為了進一步確保申請庇護者的身心健康與生活能力,歐盟於1999年發布歐盟共同庇護系統 (Common European Asylum System),透過提供有效庇護與遣返程序、歐盟各國公平分擔責任、加強與第三國的夥伴關係,以建立更完整的庇護政策(https://reurl.cc/pWXz94)。

原以為收容難民會耗費龐大的資金,但根據馬爾默大學的研究報告顯示,瑞典2016年對於敘利亞難民的總支出為36億歐元,其中僅有一半是國內支付,也就是面對難民潮,瑞典政府僅負擔18億歐元的費用,相當於當年0.4% 的GDP,比起原先預估的1% 還要低了許多 (https://reurl.cc/AKDQ38),且這群移民者多半是年輕人,未來將有機會為逐漸邁向高齡化社會的瑞典帶來正向效益。
-
The explosion this week definitely scared classmates from Ukraine, and some border countries.

What I can do is stand with them. We demonstrated on the street this afternoon.

Maybe some memory appeared, a Swedish friend started talking about the Syrian civil war happening ten years ago, which resulted in the number of asylum-seekers received by the Swedish government increased year by year and reaching a peak in 2015. In that year alone, more than 160,000 people applied for asylum ( https://reurl.cc/NpDkqm). However, the number exceeded the government's ability, so a temporary border control was issued in November to limit Swedish migrants (https://reurl.cc/WkW5v7).

“Refugees were forced to sleep on the streets because no beds could be found.” A friend from the southern city of Malmö recalled.
“The sound of gunfire could be heard several times in the midnight, so scaring then.” mentioned by a classmate from Gutenberg, the second big city.

In fact, since the largest refugee flow in World War II, the European Commission has proposed asylum regulations, which was the time that Sweden started accepting refugees. To ensure the living quality of refugees, the European Union issued Common European Asylum System in 1999 to build efficient asylum and return procedures, a solidarity and fair share of responsibility, and strengthened partnerships with third countries. (https://reurl.cc/pWXz94).

Refugees might be considered to lead to a huge fiscal impact, but according to research by Malmö University, Sweden’s total expenditure on Syrian refugees in 2016 was 3.6 billion euros. Since the government was only responsible for half of the fee, 1.8 billion euros, which was equivalent to 0.4% of GDP that year, the number was much lower than the initial estimate of 1% (https://reurl.cc/AKDQ38) Furthermore, most of these immigrants are adults, which could lead to a positive influence in aging Sweden.

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