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Mount additional hard disks in Linux.Workflow:• detect disk → lsblk / fdisk -l• create partition → fdisk• format filesys...
25/05/2026

Mount additional hard disks in Linux.

Workflow:
• detect disk → lsblk / fdisk -l
• create partition → fdisk
• format filesystem → mkfs.ext4
• create mount point
• mount disk via mount
• configure automatic mount in /etc/fstab

Used for:
• additional HDD/SSD setup
• storage expansion
• dedicated servers and VPS storage management

Full guide 👉 https://vsys.host/how-to/mounting-of-additional-hard-disks-in-linux

Configure Linux port forwarding using iptables.Key steps:• enable IP forwarding• configure PREROUTING rules• allow traff...
18/05/2026

Configure Linux port forwarding using iptables.

Key steps:
• enable IP forwarding
• configure PREROUTING rules
• allow traffic in FORWARD chain
• enable MASQUERADE/NAT
• save rules for persistence

Use cases:
• redirect traffic between ports
• expose internal services
• forward traffic to another server

Examples:
• port 80 → 8080
• DNAT to internal IP
• POSTROUTING masquerade

Full guide 👉 https://vsys.host/how-to/linux-port-forwarding-with-iptables

Install RPM packages on different Linux distributions.Package managers:• RHEL/CentOS/Rocky/AlmaLinux → yum / dnf• Fedora...
14/05/2026

Install RPM packages on different Linux distributions.

Package managers:
• RHEL/CentOS/Rocky/AlmaLinux → yum / dnf
• Fedora → dnf
• openSUSE → zypper

Commands:
• yum install package.rpm
• dnf install package.rpm
• zypper install package.rpm
• rpm -ivh package.rpm

Key difference:
• yum/dnf/zypper resolve dependencies automatically
• rpm handles packages manually

Full guide 👉 https://vsys.host/how-to/how-to-install-rpm-file-on-different-linux-distributions

Transfer files between local machine and server using WinSCP.Setup:• enter host (IP/domain), port, credentials• choose p...
05/05/2026

Transfer files between local machine and server using WinSCP.

Setup:
• enter host (IP/domain), port, credentials
• choose protocol (SFTP, FTP, SCP, WebDAV)

Default ports:
• SFTP/SCP → 22
• FTP → 20/21
• WebDAV → 80

Features:
• drag & drop file transfer
• SSH key authentication support
• GUI-based file management

Security:
• verify server fingerprint
• limit root access

Full guide 👉 https://vsys.host/how-to/data-transfer-with-winscp

Install a GUI and XRDP on Ubuntu or CentOS.Setup:• XFCE4 desktop environment• XRDP for remote desktop accessRequirements...
28/04/2026

Install a GUI and XRDP on Ubuntu or CentOS.

Setup:
• XFCE4 desktop environment
• XRDP for remote desktop access

Requirements:
• internet connection
• SSH/VNC access
• non-root user with sudo

Key points:
• GUI is optional but improves usability
• works on existing servers
• root login is not allowed via GUI

Full guide 👉 https://vsys.host/how-to/how-to-install-a-gui-and-xrdp-on-ubuntu-and-centos

Change hostname on Ubuntu 20.04.Methods:• temporary → hostname command• permanent → hostnamectl (no reboot required)• ma...
24/04/2026

Change hostname on Ubuntu 20.04.

Methods:
• temporary → hostname command
• permanent → hostnamectl (no reboot required)
• manual → edit /etc/hostname and /etc/hosts

Additional:
• update cloud-init config for persistence
• GUI: Settings → About → Device Name

Rules:
• 1–63 characters
• alphanumeric + hyphens only

Full guide 👉 https://vsys.host/how-to/change-hostname-on-ubuntu-20-04

Rename files in Linux using CLI tools.Methods:• mv → rename single file• rename → batch rename using patterns• loops → b...
21/04/2026

Rename files in Linux using CLI tools.

Methods:
• mv → rename single file
• rename → batch rename using patterns
• loops → bulk rename with mv

Examples:
• mv file1.txt file2.txt
• rename 's/old/new/' *.txt

Key points:
• mv = move + rename
• rename supports regex
• useful for automation and bulk operations

Full guide 👉 https://vsys.host/how-to/how-to-rename-files-in-linux

Fix ERR_SSL_VERSION_OR_CIPHER_MISMATCH (TLS handshake failure).Common causes:• invalid or expired SSL certificate• domai...
17/04/2026

Fix ERR_SSL_VERSION_OR_CIPHER_MISMATCH (TLS handshake failure).

Common causes:
• invalid or expired SSL certificate
• domain mismatch
• outdated TLS versions
• weak ciphers (e.g. RC4)
• outdated root certificates

Fix:
• enable TLS 1.2 / 1.3
• renew SSL certificate
• disable insecure ciphers
• update CA certificates
• remove mixed HTTP content

Client-side:
• clear cache
• update browser
• test from another device

Full guide 👉 https://vsys.host/how-to/how-to-fix-err_ssl_version_or_cipher_mismatch

Configure additional IP addresses on a server.Key points:• multiple IPs can be assigned to a single network interface• n...
15/04/2026

Configure additional IP addresses on a server.

Key points:
• multiple IPs can be assigned to a single network interface
• no additional gateway is usually required
• works via IP aliases

Requirements:
• server with extra IP assigned
• root / admin access

Use cases:
• hosting multiple services
• separating applications by IP
• scaling infrastructure

Full guide 👉
https://vsys.host/how-to/how-to-configure-additional-ip-addresses

Happy Easter from VSYS Host! 🐇May your services stay online and your logs stay clean. Wishing you a peaceful and stable ...
10/04/2026

Happy Easter from VSYS Host! 🐇
May your services stay online and your logs stay clean. Wishing you a peaceful and stable holiday! 💻✨

Rename a directory in Linux using the mv command.Key points:• mv is used for both moving and renaming• renaming = moving...
10/04/2026

Rename a directory in Linux using the mv command.

Key points:
• mv is used for both moving and renaming
• renaming = moving to a new name in the same location
• supports relative and absolute paths

Examples:
• mv old_directory new_directory
• mv /path/old /path/new
• use quotes for spaces

Tips:
• use -i to prevent overwrite
• use -v for verbose output

Full guide 👉 https://vsys.host/how-to/how-to-rename-a-directory-in-linux

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