08/18/2026
Spain's solar industry is redefining what a power plant can look like — with utility-scale solar farms that double as wildlife corridors, pollinator habitats, and carbon sinks, demonstrating that the land beneath solar panels can be more ecologically productive than the monoculture farmland it replaces.
The Miraah biodiversity solar project in Extremadura — 400 megawatts spread across 800 hectares — has been designed from the outset around ecological principles as exacting as its electrical engineering. Panel spacing was determined partly by the height requirements of the Iberian lynx, one of Europe's most endangered cats, whose population in Extremadura has been recovering since the area was designated a wildlife corridor. Native wildflower seed mixes specific to the Extremaduran steppe have been sown between panel rows. Nest boxes for common kestrels, stone curlews, and little bustards — steppe birds under pressure from intensive agriculture — have been installed across the site.
The ecological results after three years of operation exceed the projections of the most optimistic biodiversity assessors. Insect biomass under the panels is 42% higher than in the adjacent conventional cereal fields, driven by the wildflower diversity and reduced pesticide application. Steppe bird surveys show the little bustard — absent from the project area for a decade — has returned to display and nest within the solar farm boundary. The Iberian lynx has been camera-trapped crossing the farm on three occasions, using the low-disturbance environment the panels create.
Spain's Ministry of Ecological Transition has incorporated the Miraah methodology into its national solar development guidelines, requiring all new utility solar projects above 50 megawatts to submit biodiversity management plans meeting minimum wildflower cover and habitat structure standards. Spain's solar farms are becoming Spain's most effective nature reserves.
Source: Red Eléctrica de España (REE) / Spanish Ministry for Ecological Transition, 2024