01/12/2024
Using the Form W-4, employees provide employers with amounts to increase or decrease the amount of taxes withheld and amounts to increase or decrease the amount of wage income subject to income tax withholding.
Form W-4 contains 5 steps. Every Form W-4 employers receive from an employee in 2020 or later should show a completed Step 1 (name, address, social security number (SSN), and filing status) and a dated signature in Step 5. Employees complete Steps 2, 3, and/or 4 only if relevant to their personal situations. Steps 2, 3, and 4 show adjustments that affect withholding calculations.
For employees who don’t complete any steps other than Step 1 and Step 5, employers withhold the amount based on the filing status, wage amounts, and payroll period.
For employees completing one or more of Steps 2, 3, and/or 4 on Form W-4, adjustments are as follows.
Step 2. If the employee checks the box in Step 2, the employer figures withholding from the “Form W-4, Step 2, Checkbox” column in the Percentage Method or Wage Bracket Method tables. This results in higher withholding for the employee. If the employee chooses the other option from this step, the higher withholding is included with any other additional tax amounts per pay period in Step 4(c).
Step 3. Employers use the amount on this line as an annual reduction in the amount of withholding. Employers should use the amount that the employee entered as the total in Step 3 of Form W-4 even if it is not equal to the sum of any amounts entered on the left in Step 3 because the total may take into account other tax credits. If the Step 3 total is blank, but there are amounts entered on one or two of the left lines in Step 3, the employer may ask the employee if leaving the line blank was intentional.
Steps 4(a) and 4(b). Employers increase the annual amount of wages subject to income tax withholding by the annual amount shown in Step 4(a) and reduce the annual amount of wages subject to income tax withholding by the annual amount shown in Step 4(b).
Step 4(c). Employers will increase withholding by the per pay period tax amount in Step 4(c).