03/28/2026
How to build an operating model.
Start with the customer.
If you want to build your operating model on paper, do not begin with departments, titles, or org charts.
Begin with the way value flows to the customer.
The first step is to map the customer journey from awareness to delivery and service.
Write out each major step in the flow.
- How does the customer first find you?
- How do they engage?
- How do they buy?
- How do you deliver?
- How do you support them after the sale?
This becomes the centerline of your operating model because it shows how value is actually experienced.
Next, add the key operational activities that make each step happen. This helps you move beyond a vague customer journey and into the real work of the business. You are trying to see how the business performs, not just how it markets itself.
Then, across the top, add the administrative and management functions that oversee, guide, and control the flow.
This may include leadership, finance, human resources, legal, or planning.
These functions do not always touch the customer directly, but they shape how decisions are made and how the business stays aligned.
After that, across the bottom, add the support and infrastructure functions the customer rarely sees.
Think technology, supply chain, procurement, facilities, data, and other enabling capabilities. These are often ignored until something breaks, but they are part of what makes consistent delivery possible.
Once you have the full picture, review the page for gaps, overlaps, bottlenecks, and confusion.
- Where does work slow down? Where are handoffs unclear?
- Where are people relying on heroics instead of a system?
That is where your operating model starts to reveal both strengths and weaknesses.
An operating model should show how the business delivers value, how it is managed, and what supports it behind the scenes. If you cannot draw that clearly on paper, there is a good chance your business is running on habit instead of design.
Could you draw your operating model on one page today?