10/15/2026
🔍 The explores the origins of firefighting in our city and the distinctive parade hats and helmets worn by its earliest volunteers.
In 1810, St. Louis passed its first fire ordinance, requiring men age 18 and older to serve in either the north or south bucket brigade. Households were also required to maintain two buckets and a ladder capable of reaching their roof. As St. Louis grew, wooden buildings, crowded streets, and the expanding steamboat industry created increasing hazards.
Following a major brewery fire in 1829, citizens organized the city’s first volunteer fire company, Central No. 1. While the city provided a hand pumped fire engine, volunteer companies relied heavily on community donations and membership dues.
By 1834, volunteers were required to wear uniforms. Each company proudly displayed its own colors, name, and motto on distinctive parade hats and helmets, reflecting the pride and competitive spirit of early firefighters. Eventually, 10 volunteer companies served St. Louis. Their equipment included hand drawn engines, hose reels, and specialized devices called “plug catchers,” used by young men and boys racing to secure hydrants for their companies.
On April 4, 1857, a city ordinance authorized the establishment of a paid steam fire department. The volunteer era gradually ended, with the final two companies disbanding in 1859.
The historic hats and helmets pictured here represent more than firefighting equipment. They symbolize the traditions, community pride, and dedication that helped establish today’s St. Louis Fire Department.
More than two centuries later, our commitment to protecting our neighbors continues.
