14/01/2020
2 - Who audits the Auditors?
In our last article, we shared insights on the historical objective for audit of financial statements and the regulatory framework under which audit firms operate. We did this to provide answers on the question of “Who audits the Auditors?” and an understanding on the motivating factors behind this inquisitive question. We now look at the generally accepted international inspection process for audit firms designed to ensure compliance with regulations and professional standards. The article concludes with advice on how stakeholders can ensure quality in the external audit process.
and process to ensure audit quality
In accounting circles, there are professional standards that audit firms must follow to promote the improvement and maintenance of audit quality. One such standard is the International Standard on Quality Control (ISQC) 1. As part of the ongoing enhancement of the audit process, the standard is set to be replaced in December, 2021 by the International Standard on Quality Management.
The objective of ISQC 1 is for the audit firm to establish and maintain a system of quality control to provide the firm with reasonable assurance that:
a) The audit firm and its personnel comply with professional standards, applicable legal and regulatory requirements; and
b) Audit reports issued by the audit firm or engagement partners are appropriate in the circumstances.
Based on this standard, professional accountancy regulators such as ZICA conduct routine audit quality inspections on audit firms. These inspections are carried out in order to uncover deficiencies in the systems, policies, procedures and practices on how audit firms carry out their audits. In other jurisdictions, the Securities and Exchange Commissions also carry out audit quality reviews on audit firms who audit Public Interest Entities and companies listed on the Stock Exchange. Further, audit firms that are members of international networks are also inspected by their respective networks to ensure that they comply with both ISQC1 and the network requirements.
In the government circles, the Public Audit Act, 2016 requires annual accounts of the office of the Auditor General to be audited by an independent auditor appointed by the State Audit Commission. In Zambia, the State Audit Commission is charged with the responsibility of overseeing of the functions of the office of the Auditor General as well as recommending the appointment of the Auditor General.
This, then, answers the question of who audits the auditors.
can stakeholders ensure audit quality?
Under the companies Act and Public Finance Management Act, directors are personally responsible for the quality and integrity of financial Statements. This is despite that directors are not responsible for producing accounting documents and reports, but merely approve them. Due to this personal responsibility imposed by law, directors must be able to decipher accounting documents and reports and proactively detect potential problems. Thus, this article may be of interest to companies, directors, investors and other stakeholders interested in audit quality and ultimately financial reporting. So, it is important to take keen interest in the audit practice review reports that are published from time to time by ZICA and other professional accountancy bodies. Audit quality supports financial reporting quality and it is in the interests of directors and audit committees to support the audit process. This includes ensuring that management produces quality financial information, adequate resources, skills and expertise are available for the reporting process and further that the audit process is appropriately resourced.
In our next insight, we will share excerpts from the programme we recently developed and the first of the kind on the Zambian Market “Financial Governance for Directors” The article will also discuss some of the financial responsibilities for Directors as prescribed by the Companies Act, 2017 and the Public Finance Management Act, 2018. We will also highlight the penalties for non-compliance and how directors can ensure the integrity of financial reports.
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Bruce Mwewa is a multifaceted senior professional accountant with cross functional experience in financial management, tax compliance, risk and strategic management, technical accountancy advisory, Auditing and lecturing in advanced audit & assurance. Bruce possesses extensive experience in technical accounting, specializing in assisting clients with training, advisory, adoption and application of professional accounting standards such as International Standards on Auditing, private and public sector accounting standards. He has also worked on consulting projects with the World Bank, among them assessment of audit quality for audit firms. Bruce has also assisted audit firms with audit quality control inspections.
At , we assist audit firms with quality control reviews, developing audit methodology and quality control policies and procedures, capacity building in ISAs, International Standard on Quality Control (ISQC1), the new International Standard on Quality Management (ISQM 1 and 2)